Utilidad de los enjuagues con povidona yodada y peróxido de hidrógeno en pacientes con COVID-19 / Utility of mouth rinses with povidone-iodine and hydrogen peroxide in patients with COVID-19

Introducción: La povidona yodada y el peróxido de hidrógeno podrían ser eficaces contra el SARS-CoV-2. Métodos: Estudio observacional de seguimiento prospectivo (EPA-AS) en 88 pacientes (43±17 años, 55% varones) con SARS-CoV-2 en muestras nasofaríngeas (RT-PCR). Treinta y uno recibieron enjuagues/gargarismos con povidona yodada cada 8h 2 días consecutivos, 17 con la misma pauta de peróxido de hidrógeno y 40 controles sin enjuagues. Se repitió PCR a los 3, 11 y 17 días. Resultados: Tras la intervención no hubo diferencias en la carga viral: povidona yodada (4,3±2,7 copias/ml), peróxido de hidrógeno (4,6±2,9 copias/ml), controles (4,4±3,0 copias/ml). El porcentaje de pacientes con una 2.ª PCR negativa fue 27% povidona yodada, 23% peróxido de hidrógeno y 32% controles; en la 3.ª PCR 62%, 54% y 58% respectivamente y en la 4.ª PCR, 81%, 75% y 81%. Conclusión: Nuestros resultados no apoyan la utilidad de los enjuagues de estos 2 antisépticos en pacientes con COVID-19.(AU)

Introduction: Povidone-iodine and hydrogen peroxide could be effective in against SARS-CoV-2. Methods: A “non-interventional trial” in 88 patients (43±17 yrs, 55% men) with SARS-CoV-2 in nasopharyngeal swabs (RT-PCR). 31 received mouth rinses/gargling with povidone-iodine (every 8h, two consecutive days), 17 with mouth rinses/gargling of hydrogen peroxide, and 40 controls. PCR were repeated at 3, 11 and 17 days. Results: After intervention the viral load (Log10copies/ml) remained similar in povidone-iodine (4.3±2.7copies/ml), hydrogen peroxide (4.6±2.9copies/ml; p=0.40) and controls (4.4±3.0copies/ml). The percentage of patients with a negative result in the second PCR was 27% in povidone-iodine group, 23% in hydrogen peroxide and 32% in controls; in the third PCR, 62%, 54% and 58% respectively; and in the fourth PCR, 81%, 75% and 81%. Conclusion: Our results do not support the clinical usefulness of mouth rinses/gargling with povidone-iodine or hydrogen peroxide in patients with COVID-19.(AU)

Influence of weather factors on the incidence of COVID-19 in Spain.

Introduction: Several studies have analyzed the influence of meteorological and geographical factors on the incidence of COVID-19. Seasonality could be important in the transmission of SARS-CoV-2. This study aims to evaluate the geographical pattern of COVID-19 in Spain and its relationship with different meteorological variables. Methods: A provincial ecological study analyzing the influence of meteorological and geographical factors on the cumulative incidence of COVID-19 in the 52 (24 coastal and 28 inland) Spanish provinces during the first three waves was carried out. The cumulative incidence was calculated with data from the National Statistical Institute (INE) and the National Epidemiological Surveillance Network (RENAVE), while the meteorological variables were obtained from the Spanish Meteorological Agency (AEMET). Results: The total cumulative incidence, in all three waves, was lower in the coastal provinces than in the inland ones (566 ± 181 vs. 782 ± 154; P = 2.5 × 10-5). The cumulative incidence correlated negatively with mean air temperature (r = -0.49; P = 2.2 × 10-4) and rainfall (r = -0.33; P = .01), and positively with altitude (r = 0.56; P = 1.4 × 10-5). The Spanish provinces with an average temperature <10 °C had almost twice the cumulative incidence than the provinces with temperatures >16 °C. The mean air temperature and rainfall were associated with the cumulative incidence of COVID-19, regardless of other factors (Beta Coefficient of -0.62; P = 3.7 × 10-7 and -0.47; P = 4.2 × 10-5 respectively). Conclusions: Meteorological and geographical factors could influence the evolution of the pandemic in Spain. Knowledge regarding the seasonality of the virus would help to predict new waves of COVID-19 infections.

Introducción: Varios estudios han analizado la influencia de factores meteorológicos y geográficos en la incidencia de COVID-19. La estacionalidad podría tener importancia en la transmisión de SARS-CoV-2. Nuestro estudio evalúa el patrón geográfico de la COVID-19 en España y su relación con las distintas variables meteorológicas. Métodos: Estudio ecológico a escala provincial que analiza la influencia de factores meteorológicos y geográficos en la incidencia acumulada de COVID-19 en las 52 provincias españolas (24 costeras y 28 del interior) durante las tres primeras olas. La incidencia acumulada se calculó con los datos del Instituto Nacional Estadística (INE) y la Red Nacional de Vigilancia Epidemiológica (RENAVE), las variables meteorológicas se obtuvieron de la Agencia estatal de meteorología (AEMET). Resultados: La incidencia acumulada total, en los tres periodos, fue menor en las provincias costeras que en las del interior (566 ± 181 vs. 782 ± 154; P = 2,5 × 10−5). La incidencia acumulada correlacionó negativamente con la temperatura media (r = −0,49; P = 2,2 × 10−4) y las precipitaciones (r = −0,33; P = ,01), y positivamente con la altitud (r = 0,56; P = 1,4 × 10−5). Las provincias españolas con una temperatura media <10 °C tuvieron casi el doble de incidencia acumulada que las provincias con temperaturas >16 °C. La temperatura media y las precipitaciones fueron las variables asociadas con la incidencia acumulada provincial de COVID-19, con independencia de otros factores (Coeficiente Beta de −0,62; P = 3,7 × 10−7 y −0,47; P = 4,2 × 10−5 respectivamente). Conclusiones: Los factores meteorológicos y geográficos podrían influir en la evolución de la pandemia en España. El reconocimiento de la estacionalidad del COVID-19 ayudaría a predecir nuevas olas.

Influence of weather factors on the incidence of COVID-19 in Spain. / Influencia de los factores meteorológicos en la incidencia de COVID-19 en España.

INTRODUCTION: Several studies have analyzed the influence of meteorological and geographical factors on the incidence of COVID-19. Seasonality could be important in the transmission of SARS-CoV-2. This study aims to evaluate the geographical pattern of COVID-19 in Spain and its relationship with different meteorological variables. METHODS: A provincial ecological study analyzing the influence of meteorological and geographical factors on the cumulative incidence of COVID-19 in the 52 (24 coastal and 28 inland) Spanish provinces during the first three waves was carried out. The cumulative incidence was calculated with data from the National Statistical Institute (INE) and the National Epidemiological Surveillance Network (RENAVE), while the meteorological variables were obtained from the Spanish Meteorological Agency (AEMET). RESULTS: The total cumulative incidence, in all three waves, was lower in the coastal provinces than in the inland ones (566±181 vs. 782±154; p=2.5×10-5). The cumulative incidence correlated negatively with mean air temperature (r=-0.49; p=2.2×10-4) and rainfall (r=-0.33; p=0.01), and positively with altitude (r=0.56; p=1. 4×10-5). The Spanish provinces with an average temperature <10°C had almost twice the cumulative incidence than the provinces with temperatures >16°C. The mean air temperature and rainfall were associated with the cumulative incidence of COVID-19, regardless of other factors (Beta Coefficient of -0.62; p=3.7×10-7 and -0.47; p=4.2×10-5 respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Meteorological and geographical factors could influence the evolution of the pandemic in Spain. Knowledge regarding the seasonality of the virus would help to predict new waves of COVID-19 infections.